Surgical Treatment of Endometrial Cancer

Surgical Treatment

Treatment for uterine cancer usually involves removal of the uterus, including the cervix (called total hysterectomy), and removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries (called bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy). Surgery may be performed through an incision in the abdomen or through the vagina (called transvaginal hysterectomy).

Postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting, and fatigue are common side effects of surgery. Patients may remain hospitalized for a few days to 1 week and usually can resume normal activities in 4 to 8 weeks. Complications include the following:

• Adverse reaction to anesthesia
• Hemorrhage (bleeding) caused by injury to surrounding blood vessels (e.g., artery, vein)
• Injury to surrounding organs (e.g., large intestine)
• Thromboembolism (blockage of an artery or vein by a blood clot) Surgery is curative in about 65% of cases of early-stage uterine cancer.

Patients with tumors confined to the uterus are at low risk for recurrent or metastatic disease and usually do not require additional treatment. Follow-up care includes physical and pelvic examinations, x-rays, and blood and urine tests at 6 to 12 month intervals.

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