Diagnosis of Sarcoma Cancer

There are no standard screening tests for sarcoma. A doctor should examine any unusual or new lumps or bumps that are growing to make sure it is not cancer. Sarcoma is rare. This makes it important to talk with a doctor who has experience with this type of cancer as soon as there is a possibility that it might be sarcoma.

A diagnosis of sarcoma is made by a combination of clinical examination and imaging tests. It is confirmed by the results of a biopsy. In addition to a physical examination, the following tests may be used to diagnose sarcoma:

Imaging tests

A benign and malignant tumor may look different on imaging tests, such as an x-ray. In general, a benign tumor has round, smooth, well-defined borders. A malignant tumor has irregular, poorly defined edges due to its aggressive growth.

X-ray.

An x-ray is a picture of the inside of the body. For instance, a chest x-ray can help doctors determine if the cancer has spread to the lungs. Typically, if an x-ray suggests cancer, the doctor will order other imaging tests. X-ray is particularly useful for bone sarcomas.
Ultrasound.

An ultrasound uses sound waves to create a picture of the internal organs.

Computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan.

A CT scan creates a three-dimensional picture of the inside of the body with an x-ray machine. A computer then combines these images into a detailed, cross-sectional view that shows any abnormalities or tumors. Sometimes, a contrast medium (a special dye) is injected into a patient’s vein to provide better detail.